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Precis Future Med > Volume 7(2); 2023 > Article |
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AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS
Conception or design: MK, JSL.
Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: MK, JSL.
Drafting the work or revising: MK, SJL, SYP, JMH, JSL.
Final approval of the manuscript: MK, JSL.
Values are presented as median (interquartile range), number (%), or mean±standard deviation.
EVT, endovascular treatment; ECAS, extracranial atherosclerosis; ICAS, intracranial atherosclerosis; CE, cardioembolism; SUE, stroke of undetermined etiology; SOE, stroke of other determined etiology; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale.
TOAST classification [1] | |
Advantage | A traditional classification in use for a long time based on thorough etiological evaluations |
Limitation | Designed for secondary prevention and somewhat obsolete |
LVO can be misclassified unless it is recanalized | |
No entity for cryptogenic embolism | |
Extracranial atherosclerosis is an embolic cause from the MT standpoint | |
All thorough evaluations are not always possible especially for serious patients with LVO and EVT | |
SSS TOAST classification [2] | |
Advantage | A renewed classification system based on thorough etiological evaluations |
Various types of LVO can be more appropriately classified | |
Entities for cryptogenic embolism are present | |
Limitation | All thorough evaluations are not always possible especially for serious patients |
Extracranial atherosclerosis is an embolic cause from the MT standpoint | |
Baseline angiography is mostly used for determining vascular status | |
LVO classification | |
Advantage | Distinguishes ECAS and ICAS |
Entities for cryptogenic embolism are present | |
Easy to access because it is a modification of SSS TOAST | |
Suggestion | Repeat of the angiographic evaluations performed between 24 h and 7 days after EVT |